There are tests available for herpes, but sometimes they turn up negative. When there is an obvious discharge or an open sore, a sample of the fluid can be looked under an electron microscope. The test does require extensive preparation of the sample to be looked at under the microscope. In many cases, the test does end up as a negative. Checking for a virus under a microscope is not routine practice.
There is a blood test whereby one can check for antibodies to the virus. When the herpes virus infection is acute, the body’s immune system will react by making antibodies which react towards the virus. These antibodies can be checked in blood.
The blood test is most sensitive when there is an active infection present. When the herpes infection disappears, the antibody levels fall off and are sometimes not measurable. If the blood tests reveals the presence of antibodies, than it means you may have either oral or genital herpes. If the is negative, it simply means that you may have the virus, but the levels of antibody are too small to be detected. In other words you do not have an acute infection at the moment.
Saturday, June 13, 2009
How do i know if i have herpes?
Herpes simplex is very common in the North American population. You may have herpes but not have any symptoms. The virus generally hides in nerves and flares up periodically. Not everyone who acquires herpes has symptoms. In fact the majority of people who do have herpes (and you could be one of them) have no idea if they have the virus.
Herpes virus (type 1) is easily contracted from kissing an affected individual or having sex. Some individuals may deny having sex but there are not many people who have not been kissed! So chances are that you may not have genital herpes if you have not had sex, but more than likely you may have oral herpes.
Oral herpes is extremely common and simple contact of sores with hands or the mouth can easily transfer the virus to the unsuspecting individual. Estimates from infectious disease data indicate that close to 60-80 percent of adults in North America have oral herpes.
Genital or type 2 herpes is slightly less common but there are still a lot of adults who have this virus. The virus is easily acquired during sex and estimates indicate that close to 20-30 percent of the population has this virus.
The majority of individuals who have herpes do not even know they have it. And if you do not know, you play a role in the spread of the virus. Eventually the virus will cause symptoms and then you will definitely know if you have herpes.
Herpes virus (type 1) is easily contracted from kissing an affected individual or having sex. Some individuals may deny having sex but there are not many people who have not been kissed! So chances are that you may not have genital herpes if you have not had sex, but more than likely you may have oral herpes.
Oral herpes is extremely common and simple contact of sores with hands or the mouth can easily transfer the virus to the unsuspecting individual. Estimates from infectious disease data indicate that close to 60-80 percent of adults in North America have oral herpes.
Genital or type 2 herpes is slightly less common but there are still a lot of adults who have this virus. The virus is easily acquired during sex and estimates indicate that close to 20-30 percent of the population has this virus.
The majority of individuals who have herpes do not even know they have it. And if you do not know, you play a role in the spread of the virus. Eventually the virus will cause symptoms and then you will definitely know if you have herpes.
Saturday, March 28, 2009
Surgical methods to remove venereal warts
The initial treatment of venereal warts is usually medical. However, sometimes the wart may be bleeding or may be too large and surgery is another option of treating venereal warts. Surgery is also an ideal method for pregnant females if do not want to have the baby exposed to venereal warts. Today, there are several decent surgical options for removing venereal warts. These options include the following:
Cryotherapy (liquid nitrogen). In this method, liquid nitrogen is applied with a Q-tip on the wart. The initial treatment is not painful but as the wart starts to breakdown, the skin does become sensitive. The skin will blister and the wart will slowly slough off. One goes to a skin clinic where the physician applied liquid nitrogen 1-2 times a week. One needs long-term treatment which usually averages anywhere from 8-16 weeks. While the treatment is effective, it does tend to hurt in the later stages.
Electrocautery- this is just another fancy name for a heated electrical current to be applied to the wart. It is definitely painful. The treatment is effective but most people cannot tolerate the pain. The physician may apply a cooling gel o r a local anesthetic, but electrical current is still painful. It usually feels like a hot needle which is plunged into your skin (teach you not to fool around without a condom next time)
Surgery: Sometimes the wart may just be hanging off a stalk and can easily be excised. Most of these small warts can be removed with the use of local anesthesia. However, some warts located near the vagina or anus can be difficult to remove with only local anesthesia- the pain can be significant.
Laser: Today lasers are used of everything except cooking food. The laser generates an intense beam of light that generates energy. The laser can cut as well as kill the wart cells. Large warts requires multiple sessions. While laser is good, it hurts like hell and is very expensive. It is usually not the first method of choice. Most physicians reserve the laser for large warts that have failed other treatments.
Once a wart has been treated, there is no guarantee that it will not come back. All these treatments do not actually kill the virus, just the wart cells.
Cryotherapy (liquid nitrogen). In this method, liquid nitrogen is applied with a Q-tip on the wart. The initial treatment is not painful but as the wart starts to breakdown, the skin does become sensitive. The skin will blister and the wart will slowly slough off. One goes to a skin clinic where the physician applied liquid nitrogen 1-2 times a week. One needs long-term treatment which usually averages anywhere from 8-16 weeks. While the treatment is effective, it does tend to hurt in the later stages.
Electrocautery- this is just another fancy name for a heated electrical current to be applied to the wart. It is definitely painful. The treatment is effective but most people cannot tolerate the pain. The physician may apply a cooling gel o r a local anesthetic, but electrical current is still painful. It usually feels like a hot needle which is plunged into your skin (teach you not to fool around without a condom next time)
Surgery: Sometimes the wart may just be hanging off a stalk and can easily be excised. Most of these small warts can be removed with the use of local anesthesia. However, some warts located near the vagina or anus can be difficult to remove with only local anesthesia- the pain can be significant.
Laser: Today lasers are used of everything except cooking food. The laser generates an intense beam of light that generates energy. The laser can cut as well as kill the wart cells. Large warts requires multiple sessions. While laser is good, it hurts like hell and is very expensive. It is usually not the first method of choice. Most physicians reserve the laser for large warts that have failed other treatments.
Once a wart has been treated, there is no guarantee that it will not come back. All these treatments do not actually kill the virus, just the wart cells.
Aldara to Treat Venereal Warts part 2
Aldara cream should not be used by individuals who have allergies to any of the components in the cream.
During the time, Aldara is applied, sexual activity of all type is not recommended, and this means no oral, anal, or vaginal sex. For a female, great care should be exercised when the cream is applied near the vagina. It should not be applied anywhere on the inside of the vagina otherwise considerable pain and swelling can occur.
Males who are uncircumcised and have warts under the foreskin should retract the foreskin and clean the area on a daily basis
Aldara is not a cure for genital warts and new warts can occur after and during therapy
Because aldara may weaken condoms and vaginal diaphragms, it is recommended that these devices be used as a method of birth control. Because the effects of Aldara on the fetus are unknown, pregnant females and those who are breast feeding should avoid using the drug.
Aldara is only recommended for individuals over the age of 12
Aldara is not a cheap drug. It is not covered Medicare or any medical insurance plan. A 12 pack costs anywhere from $125-$175.
For those who do not have that kind of money, perhaps liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy) may be an alternative- cheap but a wee bit painful especially if the wart is large.
During the time, Aldara is applied, sexual activity of all type is not recommended, and this means no oral, anal, or vaginal sex. For a female, great care should be exercised when the cream is applied near the vagina. It should not be applied anywhere on the inside of the vagina otherwise considerable pain and swelling can occur.
Males who are uncircumcised and have warts under the foreskin should retract the foreskin and clean the area on a daily basis
Aldara is not a cure for genital warts and new warts can occur after and during therapy
Because aldara may weaken condoms and vaginal diaphragms, it is recommended that these devices be used as a method of birth control. Because the effects of Aldara on the fetus are unknown, pregnant females and those who are breast feeding should avoid using the drug.
Aldara is only recommended for individuals over the age of 12
Aldara is not a cheap drug. It is not covered Medicare or any medical insurance plan. A 12 pack costs anywhere from $125-$175.
For those who do not have that kind of money, perhaps liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy) may be an alternative- cheap but a wee bit painful especially if the wart is large.
Aldara to Treat Venereal Warts
Aldara is the brand name for imiquimod, which is an immunomodulator type of drug. It is available as a 5% cream and used to treat a variety of skin conditions including venereal warts. For some unknown reason, it only works on genital warts and not the common warts.
For venereal warts, the area should first be cleaned and dried. The surrounding skin should be protected by some Vaseline or moisturizing cream. Aldara cream can be applied on the wart with a Q-tip. The cream is best applied at night and allowed to remain for 6-10 hours. In the morning, the area should be thoroughly rinsed. Almost all individual do develop some type of skin reaction that varies from moderate to severe.
The skin may show an intense redness, weeping or peeling after the first few applications. In some individuals, aldara may also cause general fatigue, fever, nausea and muscle pain. For those who develop serious skin flare ups, use of aldara should be discounted.
After application of aldara cream, one should avoid the sun because of the increased sunburn sensitivity. Suntan should be avoided until the skin has completely healed and aldara has been discontinued.
The cream is usually applied 3 times a week (e.g., Monday, Wednesday, and Friday) and most individuals begin to see a clearing of the warts in 8-12 weeks.
For venereal warts, the area should first be cleaned and dried. The surrounding skin should be protected by some Vaseline or moisturizing cream. Aldara cream can be applied on the wart with a Q-tip. The cream is best applied at night and allowed to remain for 6-10 hours. In the morning, the area should be thoroughly rinsed. Almost all individual do develop some type of skin reaction that varies from moderate to severe.
The skin may show an intense redness, weeping or peeling after the first few applications. In some individuals, aldara may also cause general fatigue, fever, nausea and muscle pain. For those who develop serious skin flare ups, use of aldara should be discounted.
After application of aldara cream, one should avoid the sun because of the increased sunburn sensitivity. Suntan should be avoided until the skin has completely healed and aldara has been discontinued.
The cream is usually applied 3 times a week (e.g., Monday, Wednesday, and Friday) and most individuals begin to see a clearing of the warts in 8-12 weeks.
Wednesday, March 25, 2009
Treatment of warts with podophyllotoxin
Many physicians use the substance podophyllotoxin to treat venereal warts. Podophyllin is actually a plant substance extracted from the plant podophyllum peltatum. For decades, it has been used as a medicinal compound by the North American Native Indians.
Podophyllotoxin actually prevents the wart cells from multiplying and dividing. Eventually all the wart cells die and the wart disappear.
Today Podophyllin is available only with a prescription and used as a cream or solution. It is not recommended to be used internally or for warts that are larger than a quarter.
In most cases, physicians apply the Podophyllin themselves and are reluctant to give out a prescription because the chemical is toxic. Once the skin is washed and completely dry, one should apply a cream on the normal skin. This is to prevent the Podophyllin from irritating normal skin. Then using a Q-tip the Podophyllin is applied and the wart is covered. The wart must be dry before applying the chemical. Podophyllin is applied twice a day for 3-4 consecutive days. In most cases, the treatment has to be repeated for several weeks.
In general, Podophyllin should not be applied for more than 5 weeks. Within this time period, most warts are gone. It is extremely important to make sure that the Podophyllin does not come into contact with the eyes, nose, mouth or healthy skin, inside the vagina, rectum or the urethra. If this happens, flush with water for 15-20 minutes. If inadvertent contact has been made with healthy skin, apply Vaseline or zinc ointment. Wash hands after each application and discard the Q-tip.
The first application of Podophyllin on the wart is painless but the subsequent applications do sting. This is because the wart is dying and the raw surface is exposed. Itching, pain and redness are common complaints. These effects are transient and can be reduced by applying some over the counter hydrocortisone.
Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding should not be treated with Podophyllin, as the safety of this agent has not been demonstrated on the fetus.
Podophyllin is a great drug for warts as long as one can tolerate the subsequent pain and discomfort.
Podophyllotoxin actually prevents the wart cells from multiplying and dividing. Eventually all the wart cells die and the wart disappear.
Today Podophyllin is available only with a prescription and used as a cream or solution. It is not recommended to be used internally or for warts that are larger than a quarter.
In most cases, physicians apply the Podophyllin themselves and are reluctant to give out a prescription because the chemical is toxic. Once the skin is washed and completely dry, one should apply a cream on the normal skin. This is to prevent the Podophyllin from irritating normal skin. Then using a Q-tip the Podophyllin is applied and the wart is covered. The wart must be dry before applying the chemical. Podophyllin is applied twice a day for 3-4 consecutive days. In most cases, the treatment has to be repeated for several weeks.
In general, Podophyllin should not be applied for more than 5 weeks. Within this time period, most warts are gone. It is extremely important to make sure that the Podophyllin does not come into contact with the eyes, nose, mouth or healthy skin, inside the vagina, rectum or the urethra. If this happens, flush with water for 15-20 minutes. If inadvertent contact has been made with healthy skin, apply Vaseline or zinc ointment. Wash hands after each application and discard the Q-tip.
The first application of Podophyllin on the wart is painless but the subsequent applications do sting. This is because the wart is dying and the raw surface is exposed. Itching, pain and redness are common complaints. These effects are transient and can be reduced by applying some over the counter hydrocortisone.
Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding should not be treated with Podophyllin, as the safety of this agent has not been demonstrated on the fetus.
Podophyllin is a great drug for warts as long as one can tolerate the subsequent pain and discomfort.
Sunday, March 22, 2009
Treatment of warts with trichloroacetic acid
The first thing that everyone who has warts needs to understand is that more than 1/3rd of all cases of genital warts disappear spontaneously without doing anything. For the majority of individuals who have warts that are not bothersome, the best thing to do is Nothing- and that means keep away from health care professionals.
For individuals who have warts which are causing symptoms like burning, itching, bleeding or pain, then one can seek treatment. The majority of other individuals who seek treatment have no symptoms but are bothered by appearance of warts on the genitals. The second thing that all people who have warts should know is that the HPV is never completely destroyed with treatment. The virus has an ability to hide and genital warts can recur after treatment.
The treatment options are as follows:
Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) or bichloroacetic acid can be used to treat venereal warts. The acid works by destroying the top protein layer on the warts and slowly reduces growth. Trichloroacetic acid is only supposed to be applied once a week. To prevent skin irritation, it has to be applied only on the wart.
The health care professional will apply some Vaseline or a thick cream around the normal skin before applying the TCA to the warts.
TCA works about 60%-80% of the time and the effects are not immediate. In most cases, warts take anywhere from 6-10 weeks to disappear. TCA is most effective for the very small warts (< 3 mm).
When TCA is initially applied on the wart, it does sting for a few minutes. Individuals who have sensitive skin should be forewarned, TCA can cause moderate pain, severe irritation and blister formation it if gets on normal skin. Individuals who have large warts > 5 mm, should not apply TCA. TCA can be quite painful when more of it is applied to skin.
Because of the potential for complications, TCA applications for warts is only performed by health care professionals. Home use of high strength TCA is not recommended.
For individuals who have warts which are causing symptoms like burning, itching, bleeding or pain, then one can seek treatment. The majority of other individuals who seek treatment have no symptoms but are bothered by appearance of warts on the genitals. The second thing that all people who have warts should know is that the HPV is never completely destroyed with treatment. The virus has an ability to hide and genital warts can recur after treatment.
The treatment options are as follows:
Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) or bichloroacetic acid can be used to treat venereal warts. The acid works by destroying the top protein layer on the warts and slowly reduces growth. Trichloroacetic acid is only supposed to be applied once a week. To prevent skin irritation, it has to be applied only on the wart.
The health care professional will apply some Vaseline or a thick cream around the normal skin before applying the TCA to the warts.
TCA works about 60%-80% of the time and the effects are not immediate. In most cases, warts take anywhere from 6-10 weeks to disappear. TCA is most effective for the very small warts (< 3 mm).
When TCA is initially applied on the wart, it does sting for a few minutes. Individuals who have sensitive skin should be forewarned, TCA can cause moderate pain, severe irritation and blister formation it if gets on normal skin. Individuals who have large warts > 5 mm, should not apply TCA. TCA can be quite painful when more of it is applied to skin.
Because of the potential for complications, TCA applications for warts is only performed by health care professionals. Home use of high strength TCA is not recommended.
Diagnosis of Venereal Warts
When the warts are large, they are easy to diagnose. Sometimes, however, warts can be small and may be mistaken for a skin tag or scar. Some physicians do apply acetic acid (vinegar like solution) to the genitals. This immediately whitens the warts and one can view the warty like structure under a microscope. It is extremely rare for a wart to be cut out for diagnosis.
For women, when a wart is identified, several other tests are also important. Because Warts are associated with the human Papilloma virus and known to cause cervical cancer, women need a pap test.
The Pap test is a fancy word for taking scrapings (swabs) from the cervix and looking at them underneath a microscope. Pap tests are generally recommended for all women within 3 years after having started sex or at the age of 21-whichever comes first. After the age of 30, pap tests are infrequent if one has had all previous tests which were normal.
Women who have venereal warts need to have a pap tests every 3-6 months depending on the severity of changes in the cervix.
For women, when a wart is identified, several other tests are also important. Because Warts are associated with the human Papilloma virus and known to cause cervical cancer, women need a pap test.
The Pap test is a fancy word for taking scrapings (swabs) from the cervix and looking at them underneath a microscope. Pap tests are generally recommended for all women within 3 years after having started sex or at the age of 21-whichever comes first. After the age of 30, pap tests are infrequent if one has had all previous tests which were normal.
Women who have venereal warts need to have a pap tests every 3-6 months depending on the severity of changes in the cervix.
Thursday, March 19, 2009
Can you get herpes from a toilet or a public washroom?
Well, anything is possible but it is very unlikely. The majority of viruses do not survive outside the body for more than a few seconds. In damp moist environments, bacteria may grow but viruses generally perish. All sexually transmitted disorders like herpes, gonorrhea, Chlamydia etc are transmitted via sexual intercourse; break in the skin or coming in contact with infected fluids like blood.
So as long as you are not having unprotected sex or drinking blood from an infected individual in the bathroom, you should be okay.
Even if an individual with active herpes uses a bathroom or the toilet, it is very unlikely that the virus will come out of the body system and remain viable on inanimate objects. In any case, always wash your hands, practice good hygiene, use a condom when having sex with an unknown partners, and play safe
So as long as you are not having unprotected sex or drinking blood from an infected individual in the bathroom, you should be okay.
Even if an individual with active herpes uses a bathroom or the toilet, it is very unlikely that the virus will come out of the body system and remain viable on inanimate objects. In any case, always wash your hands, practice good hygiene, use a condom when having sex with an unknown partners, and play safe
Thursday, March 12, 2009
Sex is Fun until one gets Gonorrhea Part 9
Follow-up
It is essential that the entire course of antibiotics be completed. Once the antibiotic course has been finished, it is important that the individual be retested to make sure that the infection has been treated. A major part of treatment for gonorrhea involves treatment of the partner. All sexual partners must be notified and tested for infection to ensure that the infection is not re-transmitted in a cycle. With a wide acceptance of an open sexual life style with multiple partners, it is highly recommended that the individual also get tested for other sexually transmitted disease like Chlamydia, syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Prevention
Prevention of gonorrhea
- Use of latex condoms during sexual intercourse
- Avoidance of sexual intercourse with high risk partners
- Get partners tested for STDs prior to any sexual activity.
Outlook
After the antibiotic treatment is completed, more than 95-99% of first time episodes of gonorrhea are cured. A few individuals may not respond and may require alternative drugs.
Consultations
In cases of suspected rape or child abuse, it is mandatory to discuss the case with other specialists such as social workers, psychiatrists and pediatricians. It is important to obtain and stores the samples in the presence of some legal authority. Every detail about the case must be documented and all physical findings must be recorded/photographed for possible medico-legal reasons. All physicians are required to report the case to child protective services if there is any hint of abuse.
It is essential that the entire course of antibiotics be completed. Once the antibiotic course has been finished, it is important that the individual be retested to make sure that the infection has been treated. A major part of treatment for gonorrhea involves treatment of the partner. All sexual partners must be notified and tested for infection to ensure that the infection is not re-transmitted in a cycle. With a wide acceptance of an open sexual life style with multiple partners, it is highly recommended that the individual also get tested for other sexually transmitted disease like Chlamydia, syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Prevention
Prevention of gonorrhea
- Use of latex condoms during sexual intercourse
- Avoidance of sexual intercourse with high risk partners
- Get partners tested for STDs prior to any sexual activity.
Outlook
After the antibiotic treatment is completed, more than 95-99% of first time episodes of gonorrhea are cured. A few individuals may not respond and may require alternative drugs.
Consultations
In cases of suspected rape or child abuse, it is mandatory to discuss the case with other specialists such as social workers, psychiatrists and pediatricians. It is important to obtain and stores the samples in the presence of some legal authority. Every detail about the case must be documented and all physical findings must be recorded/photographed for possible medico-legal reasons. All physicians are required to report the case to child protective services if there is any hint of abuse.
Sex is Fun until one gets Gonorrhea Part 8
Treatment
There is no room for self care treatment at home in the case of gonorrhea. There are no herbs or nutritional supplements to treat this condition.
Various antibiotics are used to treat gonorrhea. In the past decade the fluoroquinolones [examples are Cipro, and Levaquin] were widely used in the treatment of gonorrheal infection.
Because of increasing resistance of many strains of N. gonorrhea to the fluoroquinolones drugs, the CDC now recommends that only one class of antibiotics should be used to treat the infection. Today, the cephalosporins are widely used to treat gonorrhea. The present day treatment of gonorrhea requires a single dose injection of an antibiotic (ceftriaxone or a single-dose pill such as Cipro).
The majority of men are treated by a single injection of antibiotic and are discharged home. Admission to the hospital is done if there is evidence of spread of infection to other parts of the body (such as brain, joint, heart). If the patient shows evidence of infection in the blood or appears sick, admission to the hospital may be required for intravenous antibiotics.
For females with gonorrhea, the treatment is more complex and may more often requires admission to the hospital because the complications and the non compliance rates are higher than males. Because, the majority of these females are seen in clinics and with rising health care costs and physician reluctance to admit these patients, the majority are discharged home, like their male counterparts.
Most females should be informed about PID and future difficulties with pregnancy. Even though most females are given follow up appointments, less than 10% show up for future appointments.
Sex is Fun until one gets Gonorrhea Part 7
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is easily confirmed by staining or culturing the discharge from the penis or vagina. Today commercial kits are available which can rapidly identify the presence of gonorrhea. All cases of gonorrhea must be reported to the publish health system. Because there are other organisms which are also sexually transmitted, it is recommended that a test for syphilis and Chlamydia be done at the same time.
For those individuals who complain of a sore throat and rectal pain, swabs from these areas should be obtained for culture.
Today there are nuclei acid probes which can identify gonorrhea with 100% sensitivity. For individuals with no secretions from the genitals, these nuclear probes are useful as they can detect gonorrhea on the minutest amount of secretion.
Some individuals with gonorrhea also have the infection in the blood and may develop arthritis or infection of the heart. Any young male who is sexually active and presents with swelling and pain in the joint should always be suspected of gonorrhea. Blood or fluid from the joint can be cultured and the organism can be identified using the various nuclear probes.
Diagnosis is easily confirmed by staining or culturing the discharge from the penis or vagina. Today commercial kits are available which can rapidly identify the presence of gonorrhea. All cases of gonorrhea must be reported to the publish health system. Because there are other organisms which are also sexually transmitted, it is recommended that a test for syphilis and Chlamydia be done at the same time.
For those individuals who complain of a sore throat and rectal pain, swabs from these areas should be obtained for culture.
Today there are nuclei acid probes which can identify gonorrhea with 100% sensitivity. For individuals with no secretions from the genitals, these nuclear probes are useful as they can detect gonorrhea on the minutest amount of secretion.
Some individuals with gonorrhea also have the infection in the blood and may develop arthritis or infection of the heart. Any young male who is sexually active and presents with swelling and pain in the joint should always be suspected of gonorrhea. Blood or fluid from the joint can be cultured and the organism can be identified using the various nuclear probes.
Sex is Fun until one gets Gonorrhea Part 6
Males
The majority of men will show some symptoms in a few days after acquiring the infection. Pain or burring during urination is the most common complaint. At least 50% of men will also have a penile discharge. A few men will also complain of mild tenderness along the penile shaft and testicles. Other symptoms include:
- urethral discharge (drip from the tip of the penis)
- Dysuria (painful urination)
- Proctitis (anal gland infection associated with pain
- Pharyngitis (sore throat from oral sex)
With oral sex becoming an integral part of a sexual relationship, there is also an increasing incidence of gonococcal related infections of the throat. These individuals complain of sore throat after a sexual encounter and may have other features of a gonorrheal infection.
For those who engage in anal sex, gonorrhea is fast becoming a major source of rectal pain and infection. Many men also develop infection of the prostate after having performed anal intercourse.
Those males, who engage in routine anal sex with other men, generally tend to acquire a resistant form of gonorrhea. This resistant type of gonorrhea is gradually becoming more difficult to treat with the standard group of antibiotics available today.
Children
In newborns, vaginal transmission can cause conjunctivitis (infection of eye), known as ophthalmia neonatorum, and if left untreated can lead to blindness. In a young child with vaginal irritation or discharge, sexual molestation should always be suspected.
The majority of men will show some symptoms in a few days after acquiring the infection. Pain or burring during urination is the most common complaint. At least 50% of men will also have a penile discharge. A few men will also complain of mild tenderness along the penile shaft and testicles. Other symptoms include:
- urethral discharge (drip from the tip of the penis)
- Dysuria (painful urination)
- Proctitis (anal gland infection associated with pain
- Pharyngitis (sore throat from oral sex)
With oral sex becoming an integral part of a sexual relationship, there is also an increasing incidence of gonococcal related infections of the throat. These individuals complain of sore throat after a sexual encounter and may have other features of a gonorrheal infection.
For those who engage in anal sex, gonorrhea is fast becoming a major source of rectal pain and infection. Many men also develop infection of the prostate after having performed anal intercourse.
Those males, who engage in routine anal sex with other men, generally tend to acquire a resistant form of gonorrhea. This resistant type of gonorrhea is gradually becoming more difficult to treat with the standard group of antibiotics available today.
Children
In newborns, vaginal transmission can cause conjunctivitis (infection of eye), known as ophthalmia neonatorum, and if left untreated can lead to blindness. In a young child with vaginal irritation or discharge, sexual molestation should always be suspected.
Sex is Fun until one gets Gonorrhea Part 5
Symptoms
Females
Once a female gets infected, the symptoms are not immediate but gradually appear within 2-10 days. Some individuals, esp. women, generally do not tend to show any symptoms until 2-3 weeks after acquiring the infection. However, there are some females (at least 30%) who may not show any symptoms.
Gonorrhea is the second most common cause of pelvic inflammatory disease that usually leads to infertility. In the majority of cases, it leads to irritation of the cervix, increased urgency to urinate and the need to urinate more frequently. A significant number of women also complain of vaginal itching, burring and a foul smelling vaginal discharge.
Oral sex with an infected partner can result in pharyngitis, and, similarly, anal infection can arise from anal sex or local spread from a vaginal source. PID, especially if recurrent, is a major cause of future infertility and is also associated with infection of the ovary (tuboovarian abscess).
In some cases, the infection is so rampant that it can cause rupture of the fallopian tubes, leading to rapid spread of infection in the pelvis and abdomen and frequently death is the end result. For those females who have had recurrent PID, the chances of developing an ectopic pregnancy and infertility are significantly higher compared to healthy females without PID. The typical symptoms of gonorrhea in a female include:
- Dysuria (painful urination)
- Vaginal/cervical discharge
- Abnormal cervical/vaginal bleeding (spotting)
- Dyspareunia (painful intercourse)
- Cervical pain during examination
- Proctitis (anal gland infection after anal intercourse)
- Pharyngitis (sore throat from oral sex)
- Chronic lower abdominal and pelvic pain
- Lower back pain (radiating pain from the pelvis)
Females
Once a female gets infected, the symptoms are not immediate but gradually appear within 2-10 days. Some individuals, esp. women, generally do not tend to show any symptoms until 2-3 weeks after acquiring the infection. However, there are some females (at least 30%) who may not show any symptoms.
Gonorrhea is the second most common cause of pelvic inflammatory disease that usually leads to infertility. In the majority of cases, it leads to irritation of the cervix, increased urgency to urinate and the need to urinate more frequently. A significant number of women also complain of vaginal itching, burring and a foul smelling vaginal discharge.
Oral sex with an infected partner can result in pharyngitis, and, similarly, anal infection can arise from anal sex or local spread from a vaginal source. PID, especially if recurrent, is a major cause of future infertility and is also associated with infection of the ovary (tuboovarian abscess).
In some cases, the infection is so rampant that it can cause rupture of the fallopian tubes, leading to rapid spread of infection in the pelvis and abdomen and frequently death is the end result. For those females who have had recurrent PID, the chances of developing an ectopic pregnancy and infertility are significantly higher compared to healthy females without PID. The typical symptoms of gonorrhea in a female include:
- Dysuria (painful urination)
- Vaginal/cervical discharge
- Abnormal cervical/vaginal bleeding (spotting)
- Dyspareunia (painful intercourse)
- Cervical pain during examination
- Proctitis (anal gland infection after anal intercourse)
- Pharyngitis (sore throat from oral sex)
- Chronic lower abdominal and pelvic pain
- Lower back pain (radiating pain from the pelvis)
Sex is Fun until one gets Gonorrhea Part 4
Morbidity of untreated Gonorrhea
Gonorrhea unfortunately does not simply go away.
The worst part of acquiring this infection is that the partner also needs treatment. For those who do not get proper treatment, the likelihood of the disease spreading are high.
In males the infection can spread to other parts of the genitalia (testis and epididymitis) and produce sterility.
In females, the infection can cause severe scarring and adhesions of the uterine tubes and this is one major reason why many females are not able to conceive later on in life. The infection can also spread to the liver, joints, brain and the heart.
Gonorrhea unfortunately does not simply go away.
The worst part of acquiring this infection is that the partner also needs treatment. For those who do not get proper treatment, the likelihood of the disease spreading are high.
In males the infection can spread to other parts of the genitalia (testis and epididymitis) and produce sterility.
In females, the infection can cause severe scarring and adhesions of the uterine tubes and this is one major reason why many females are not able to conceive later on in life. The infection can also spread to the liver, joints, brain and the heart.
Sex is Fun until one gets Gonorrhea Part 3
Who is at Risk for gonorrhea?
Because of the difference in the urogenital anatomy between males and females (short urethra), the risk of transmission of N gonorrhea from an infected woman to the urethra of her male partner is approximately 20% per episode of vaginal intercourse and rises to 60-80% after 4 or more exposures.
In contrast, the risk of male-to-female transmission approximates 50-70% per contact, with little evidence of increased risk with more sexual exposures.
Persons who have unprotected intercourse with new partners frequently enough to sustain the infection are defined as core transmitters.
Gonorrhea is more common in some people and the highest infection rates have been reported in
- young adults and teenagers
- inner city males and females
- blacks and Hispanics
- IV drug users
- Those who have sex with an infected partner
- those who have multiple sex partners
- Poor and minorities with no access to education/health care
- Those who do not use condoms
- Those with a prior history of STD
- Those who use IV drugs
The major reason why individuals acquire gonorrhea is by having unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected partner. Men have a 20% chance of getting the infection by having sexual relations with a woman infected with gonorrhea.
However, women have a 50% chance of getting the infection by having sexual relations with a man infected with gonorrhea. The reason for this is that the females have a very short urethra which rapidly colonized the harmful bacteria. When an infected female gets pregnant, there is a good chance that the baby will be infected during vaginal birth.
Because of the difference in the urogenital anatomy between males and females (short urethra), the risk of transmission of N gonorrhea from an infected woman to the urethra of her male partner is approximately 20% per episode of vaginal intercourse and rises to 60-80% after 4 or more exposures.
In contrast, the risk of male-to-female transmission approximates 50-70% per contact, with little evidence of increased risk with more sexual exposures.
Persons who have unprotected intercourse with new partners frequently enough to sustain the infection are defined as core transmitters.
Gonorrhea is more common in some people and the highest infection rates have been reported in
- young adults and teenagers
- inner city males and females
- blacks and Hispanics
- IV drug users
- Those who have sex with an infected partner
- those who have multiple sex partners
- Poor and minorities with no access to education/health care
- Those who do not use condoms
- Those with a prior history of STD
- Those who use IV drugs
The major reason why individuals acquire gonorrhea is by having unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected partner. Men have a 20% chance of getting the infection by having sexual relations with a woman infected with gonorrhea.
However, women have a 50% chance of getting the infection by having sexual relations with a man infected with gonorrhea. The reason for this is that the females have a very short urethra which rapidly colonized the harmful bacteria. When an infected female gets pregnant, there is a good chance that the baby will be infected during vaginal birth.
Sex is Fun until one gets Gonorrhea Part 2
Estimates of total cases in the US indicate that there are about 700,000 cases per year. This number is significantly lower than the actual caseload because many physicians fail to report the infection. Gonorrhea has also been encountered in sexually abused children. There are also a significant number of sexually active young females who are asymptomatic and have gonorrhea.
Within the United States carriage rates are highly dependent on the geographical area, urban versus rural location, age, racial and ethnic group, and sexual preferences. The incidence of gonorrhea is highest in the South and Eastern USA, whereas the lowest rates are in the Midwest and Northeastern USA. Data from the CDC reveal that the rates of infection vary from about 250 per 100,000 in Mississippi to 7.5 per 100,000 in Idaho.
The CDC has started a campaign to decrease the incidence to 19 cases per 100,000 by the year 2010. The only states currently exceeding this number are North Dakota, Maine, Vermont, Wyoming, New Hampshire, Montana, and Idaho.
Rates of gonorrhea are difficult to obtain from Asia, South America, and Africa since data are not complete/recorded and many patients do not have access to health care. In most of Europe, the disease rates are similar to North America.
Within the United States carriage rates are highly dependent on the geographical area, urban versus rural location, age, racial and ethnic group, and sexual preferences. The incidence of gonorrhea is highest in the South and Eastern USA, whereas the lowest rates are in the Midwest and Northeastern USA. Data from the CDC reveal that the rates of infection vary from about 250 per 100,000 in Mississippi to 7.5 per 100,000 in Idaho.
The CDC has started a campaign to decrease the incidence to 19 cases per 100,000 by the year 2010. The only states currently exceeding this number are North Dakota, Maine, Vermont, Wyoming, New Hampshire, Montana, and Idaho.
Rates of gonorrhea are difficult to obtain from Asia, South America, and Africa since data are not complete/recorded and many patients do not have access to health care. In most of Europe, the disease rates are similar to North America.
Sex is Fun until one gets Gonorrhea Part 1
Gonorrhea is one of the most common and oldest known sexually transmitted disease (STD). It can cause urethritis (infection of urethra), cervicitis (infection of cervix), epididymitis, pharyngitis (sore throat), proctitis (rectal inflammation) and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
If not treated, the disease can spread throughout the body. However, because the genital symptoms are so unpleasant most individuals seek help before the disease has a chance of spreading.
Gonorrhea is the second most common cause of PID in and caused by a bacteria known as Neisseria gonorrhea. The infection is acquired via sexual intercourse (both vaginal and anal). Recent data show that the disorder is increasingly being transmitted to the throat via oral sex. It can also be transmitted from the mother's genital tract to the newborn during birth to cause ophthalmia neonatorum (eye infection) and systemic neonatal infection.
Gonorrhea is a reportable infectious disease in the United States (meaning that all doctors have to report the patient to a government agency that documents such infections). Gonorrhea had declined in the 80s and 90s, but there has been a resurgence of the infection in the last 2 decades.
If not treated, the disease can spread throughout the body. However, because the genital symptoms are so unpleasant most individuals seek help before the disease has a chance of spreading.
Gonorrhea is the second most common cause of PID in and caused by a bacteria known as Neisseria gonorrhea. The infection is acquired via sexual intercourse (both vaginal and anal). Recent data show that the disorder is increasingly being transmitted to the throat via oral sex. It can also be transmitted from the mother's genital tract to the newborn during birth to cause ophthalmia neonatorum (eye infection) and systemic neonatal infection.
Gonorrhea is a reportable infectious disease in the United States (meaning that all doctors have to report the patient to a government agency that documents such infections). Gonorrhea had declined in the 80s and 90s, but there has been a resurgence of the infection in the last 2 decades.
Friday, February 27, 2009
Complications of Venereal Warts
Like all STDs, there is nothing great about having acquired Venereal Warts. While most STDs come and go, the virus associated with Venereal Warts has been associated with cancer.
Certain strains of the HPV are strongly linked to cancer of cervix, penis, and even the anus. One thing all consumers have to understand- not everyone who acquires this virus develops a cancer. However, because of the small but real risk of cancer, all women who are sexually active and have been infected with the HPV need to undergo regular pap smears.
The cancers, which occur after HPV usually, take years to develop and if appropriate screening is done, the cancer can be caught early and one can be cured. There are no screening tests like a pap smear for men. Men, if they have a wart growing on the penis should definitely see a health care worker.
Venereal warts are also a hassle to have during a pregnancy. When the warts grow large, they can irritate the vaginal wall and also reduce the circumference of the vagina and make childbirth difficult. In rare cases, the infant may acquire the genital warts in the mouth area and have difficulty breathing. Sometimes this requires performing emergency surgery on the baby to free the airways.
For all patients, venereal warts should not be taken lightly. If you do visit a health care professional ask questions. The only way to get the best treatment is by being informed
Certain strains of the HPV are strongly linked to cancer of cervix, penis, and even the anus. One thing all consumers have to understand- not everyone who acquires this virus develops a cancer. However, because of the small but real risk of cancer, all women who are sexually active and have been infected with the HPV need to undergo regular pap smears.
The cancers, which occur after HPV usually, take years to develop and if appropriate screening is done, the cancer can be caught early and one can be cured. There are no screening tests like a pap smear for men. Men, if they have a wart growing on the penis should definitely see a health care worker.
Venereal warts are also a hassle to have during a pregnancy. When the warts grow large, they can irritate the vaginal wall and also reduce the circumference of the vagina and make childbirth difficult. In rare cases, the infant may acquire the genital warts in the mouth area and have difficulty breathing. Sometimes this requires performing emergency surgery on the baby to free the airways.
For all patients, venereal warts should not be taken lightly. If you do visit a health care professional ask questions. The only way to get the best treatment is by being informed
Wednesday, February 25, 2009
Cause of Venereal Warts
Causes of venereal warts
For decades, the cause of venereal warts was unknown. However, today the cause is known and related to the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). There are more than a 100 subtypes of this virus and not all are harmful. However, only 2-3 can cause venereal warts. These HPV strains are highly infectious and can easily spread by sexual contact from a person who is already infected. The most common method of acquiring HPV is sexual intercourse. There are reported cases of transmission of the HPV from fingering of the genitalia. Warts also occur on fingers; these individuals can in rare cases transmit the virus to the genitals during finger manipulation.
In the majority of cases when venereal warts develop, it indicates that the individual has had recent contact with an infected individual. The time period when the venereal warts become prominent is usually 2-3 months after sexual contact but in some cases this may be several years.
Who gets Venereal Warts?
Well, venereal warts are considered a sexually transmitted infection and so individuals at highest risk include:
- those who have unprotected sex with multiple partners
- individuals who have had a prior sexually transmitted disorder (e.g. Chlamydia, herpes)
- individuals who have sex with strangers whose sexual history they do not know
- individuals who become sexually active at a young age and exhibit promiscuous behavior
For decades, the cause of venereal warts was unknown. However, today the cause is known and related to the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). There are more than a 100 subtypes of this virus and not all are harmful. However, only 2-3 can cause venereal warts. These HPV strains are highly infectious and can easily spread by sexual contact from a person who is already infected. The most common method of acquiring HPV is sexual intercourse. There are reported cases of transmission of the HPV from fingering of the genitalia. Warts also occur on fingers; these individuals can in rare cases transmit the virus to the genitals during finger manipulation.
In the majority of cases when venereal warts develop, it indicates that the individual has had recent contact with an infected individual. The time period when the venereal warts become prominent is usually 2-3 months after sexual contact but in some cases this may be several years.
Who gets Venereal Warts?
Well, venereal warts are considered a sexually transmitted infection and so individuals at highest risk include:
- those who have unprotected sex with multiple partners
- individuals who have had a prior sexually transmitted disorder (e.g. Chlamydia, herpes)
- individuals who have sex with strangers whose sexual history they do not know
- individuals who become sexually active at a young age and exhibit promiscuous behavior
Friday, February 20, 2009
Veneral Warts 101
Genital warts are commonly referred to as venereal warts. Medically they are also referred to as condylomata acuminata. Genital warts is probably the most common sexually transmitted infection.
Genital warts are flesh colored growths or bumps (sometimes look like cauliflower) and can appear almost anywhere in the perineal and genital area. The lesions may be quite small, large and multiple. Most commonly these warts are seen near the vagina, vulva, just above the cervix, penis, scrotum, anus or groin area.
Genital warts are difficult to treat and have become a public health concern. The warts occur because of infection with the human papilloma virus (HPV). This same virus has also been linked to cervical cancer and today it is believed that the same virus may play a role in other related genital cancers.
Symptoms
In women, genital warts may be seen around the vulva, cervix, vagina, anus and in-between the anus and vagina. In men venereal warts are most common on penile shaft or tip of the penis. They can also occur on the scrotum and in the groin crease. There are reports that individuals who practice oral sex often get venereal warts at the back of the throat.
Individuals who develop venereal warts may complain of the following:
- In the majority of individuals, venereal warts do not cause any symptoms.
- Some warts are so small that they may not always be visible. However, warts can also grow pretty large when they occur in clusters
- Single or multiple flesh brown or dark gray colored swellings which sometimes look like a tiny cauliflower
- Itching is a common complaint especially when the skin overlying the wart have been traumatized
-Most people have no pain but warts can get traumatized and bleed. Bleeding is most common during sexual intercourse or masturbation.
- Some individuals will get re-activation of venereal warts after acquiring an infection anywhere in the body
- Women who become pregnant may also see the outbreaks of venereal warts.
All individuals have to understand, that venereal warts are considered a sexually transmitted disease. This means if you got it you can give it to someone else; and if you got it, someone gave it to you.
Genital warts are flesh colored growths or bumps (sometimes look like cauliflower) and can appear almost anywhere in the perineal and genital area. The lesions may be quite small, large and multiple. Most commonly these warts are seen near the vagina, vulva, just above the cervix, penis, scrotum, anus or groin area.
Genital warts are difficult to treat and have become a public health concern. The warts occur because of infection with the human papilloma virus (HPV). This same virus has also been linked to cervical cancer and today it is believed that the same virus may play a role in other related genital cancers.
Symptoms
In women, genital warts may be seen around the vulva, cervix, vagina, anus and in-between the anus and vagina. In men venereal warts are most common on penile shaft or tip of the penis. They can also occur on the scrotum and in the groin crease. There are reports that individuals who practice oral sex often get venereal warts at the back of the throat.
Individuals who develop venereal warts may complain of the following:
- In the majority of individuals, venereal warts do not cause any symptoms.
- Some warts are so small that they may not always be visible. However, warts can also grow pretty large when they occur in clusters
- Single or multiple flesh brown or dark gray colored swellings which sometimes look like a tiny cauliflower
- Itching is a common complaint especially when the skin overlying the wart have been traumatized
-Most people have no pain but warts can get traumatized and bleed. Bleeding is most common during sexual intercourse or masturbation.
- Some individuals will get re-activation of venereal warts after acquiring an infection anywhere in the body
- Women who become pregnant may also see the outbreaks of venereal warts.
All individuals have to understand, that venereal warts are considered a sexually transmitted disease. This means if you got it you can give it to someone else; and if you got it, someone gave it to you.
Tuesday, February 17, 2009
Is herpes forever? Part 2
Type 1 herpes simplex virus is quite common in the North American population. Estimates indicate that close to 90% of the North American population may have this virus. The majority of individuals only have a sub clinical infection – meaning no symptoms. The virus is almost always acquired in childhood and often presents sub clinically. Only about 1:100 children develop a full blown herpes simplex infection around the mouth. When an adult develops the infection, it is most likely due to reactivation of the virus.
In adults, most individuals have a prodromal period- meaning that there are no obvious symptoms but just a feeling that something is not right. The initial symptoms in most individuals with herpes simplex are either a lack of sensation or a tingling feeling around the lips.
Herpes simplex virus is easily acquired and highly contagious. For some known reason it has a great affinity for the mouth and lips area. Occasionally the same herpes 1 virus will infect the gums and sometimes the eye. Herpes simplex lesions on the mouth are often known as fever blisters or cold sores.
The lesions are small blister like and contain fluid. In the unfortunate individual, the herpetic lesions may also occur in the presence of wounds infections. Numerous adults are exposed to herpes virus but less than 10% actually develop the painful sores.
In adults, most individuals have a prodromal period- meaning that there are no obvious symptoms but just a feeling that something is not right. The initial symptoms in most individuals with herpes simplex are either a lack of sensation or a tingling feeling around the lips.
Herpes simplex virus is easily acquired and highly contagious. For some known reason it has a great affinity for the mouth and lips area. Occasionally the same herpes 1 virus will infect the gums and sometimes the eye. Herpes simplex lesions on the mouth are often known as fever blisters or cold sores.
The lesions are small blister like and contain fluid. In the unfortunate individual, the herpetic lesions may also occur in the presence of wounds infections. Numerous adults are exposed to herpes virus but less than 10% actually develop the painful sores.
Is herpes forever? Part 1
If there is one infection no one really likes- it has to be herpes. Herpes has been around for centuries. The word herpes is derived from the Greek word herpein- meaning a creeping plant or animal. Well, creeping or creepy, this condition with painful blisters is simply a pain in the rear. While some individuals have only one episode of herpes, some unlucky will develop recurrent episodes every few months.
Herpes simplex typically presents with painful blisters. They are just as painful while looking at them. The herpetic sores also are not appealing to look at. Besides the pain, most individuals complain about the poor cosmesis due to the blisters.
Herpes simplex virus once acquired is forever. It does disappear for a while but never leaves your body again. The virus has a great tendency to remain dormant in the nerves where it remains until something or some condition causes it to reactivate.There are a number of herpes viruses. Besides herpes simplex, Chicken pox and shingles are also caused by herpes viruses.
There are two subtypes of herpes simplex- type 1 and type 2. The type one herpes simplex is the one associated with the cold sores, fever and blisters; whereas the types 2 is known to cause genital blisters
Herpes simplex typically presents with painful blisters. They are just as painful while looking at them. The herpetic sores also are not appealing to look at. Besides the pain, most individuals complain about the poor cosmesis due to the blisters.
Herpes simplex virus once acquired is forever. It does disappear for a while but never leaves your body again. The virus has a great tendency to remain dormant in the nerves where it remains until something or some condition causes it to reactivate.There are a number of herpes viruses. Besides herpes simplex, Chicken pox and shingles are also caused by herpes viruses.
There are two subtypes of herpes simplex- type 1 and type 2. The type one herpes simplex is the one associated with the cold sores, fever and blisters; whereas the types 2 is known to cause genital blisters
Recurrent Herpes of the mouth part 2
Recurrence
A number of individual keep on getting recurrent herpes sores. As to why some individuals get it and some do not, is a medical mystery. But we do know that some conditions can increase the chance of recurrence. The recurrence may be in the same location around the mouth or in a different site. The recurrence rate is variable. There may be one recurrence a month, or several a month or once a year.
Secondary herpes is due to a local reactivation of the virus that produces a cold sore. Unlike the primary infection, recurrent herpes sores are not as painful. Most individuals claim that the pain is much less severe and tolerable. However, the unsightly cosmetic nature is no different compared to the first episode.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of herpetic sores requires a simple physical examination. No other blood work or x rays are required. In the very rare case, small amount of fluid may be obtained to confirm the diagnosis. In the era of modern medicine, where money factors a lot into a physician’s income, unnecessary testing is common.
This may include testing the blood for antibodies- redundant tests which do not affect therapy.Confirmation of the herpes virus may be of an issue in hospitalized patients who are sick. For the average individual, a simple physical exam will suffice.
A number of individual keep on getting recurrent herpes sores. As to why some individuals get it and some do not, is a medical mystery. But we do know that some conditions can increase the chance of recurrence. The recurrence may be in the same location around the mouth or in a different site. The recurrence rate is variable. There may be one recurrence a month, or several a month or once a year.
Secondary herpes is due to a local reactivation of the virus that produces a cold sore. Unlike the primary infection, recurrent herpes sores are not as painful. Most individuals claim that the pain is much less severe and tolerable. However, the unsightly cosmetic nature is no different compared to the first episode.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of herpetic sores requires a simple physical examination. No other blood work or x rays are required. In the very rare case, small amount of fluid may be obtained to confirm the diagnosis. In the era of modern medicine, where money factors a lot into a physician’s income, unnecessary testing is common.
This may include testing the blood for antibodies- redundant tests which do not affect therapy.Confirmation of the herpes virus may be of an issue in hospitalized patients who are sick. For the average individual, a simple physical exam will suffice.
Primary Herpes of the mouth part 1
Primary herpes Primary oral herpes infection is also known as herpes gingivostomatitis. All this means is that the herpes virus has caused an infection around the lips, gums and mouth. The initial infection is always the most painful and most individuals never forget it. The infection causes painful sores or blisters around the mouth and gums primarily.
It is believed that most individuals get their initial infection during childhood. Even though many children acquire the virus, only 1/100 develops a full blown infection.
Children are quite prone to herpes simplex infection. The majority of children acquire the virus between the ages of 4-8. Children usually get the virus from adults. Some of the ways the virus is transmitted to children include kissing, hugging, touching or even sharing contaminated utensils.
The infectious period is associated with a low grade fever, tiredness, fatigue and general malaise. Some children may even develop a sore throat and have difficulty swallowing food. The blisters can develop both on the inside and outside of the mouth. These blisters can ulcerate and are quite painful. The gums may become swollen, red, tender and eating food can be difficult. Foul breath and enlarged glands around the neck are common features during a severe episode of the infection. The acute episode lasts bout 5-14 days and most children take a few more days to fully recover. Scarring of the lips is a rare occurrence with uncomplicated herpes sores.
However, even when the blister has disappeared and all the symptoms resolved, the virus unfortunately goes into hiding. The virus has a great tendency to reside in nerve tissues, where it remains silent
It is believed that most individuals get their initial infection during childhood. Even though many children acquire the virus, only 1/100 develops a full blown infection.
Children are quite prone to herpes simplex infection. The majority of children acquire the virus between the ages of 4-8. Children usually get the virus from adults. Some of the ways the virus is transmitted to children include kissing, hugging, touching or even sharing contaminated utensils.
The infectious period is associated with a low grade fever, tiredness, fatigue and general malaise. Some children may even develop a sore throat and have difficulty swallowing food. The blisters can develop both on the inside and outside of the mouth. These blisters can ulcerate and are quite painful. The gums may become swollen, red, tender and eating food can be difficult. Foul breath and enlarged glands around the neck are common features during a severe episode of the infection. The acute episode lasts bout 5-14 days and most children take a few more days to fully recover. Scarring of the lips is a rare occurrence with uncomplicated herpes sores.
However, even when the blister has disappeared and all the symptoms resolved, the virus unfortunately goes into hiding. The virus has a great tendency to reside in nerve tissues, where it remains silent
Herpes Simplex of the Mouth
Classification
Herpes simplex infections of the mouth are generally classified into two categories- primary or recurrent. This is only academic and does not alter the treatment.
The first (primary) infection from the herpes virus is usually acquired sometime in childhood. Many children do acquire the virus but only about 1/00 children develop full blown herpes. Once the herpes virus is acquired, it remains in the body for ever. The virus has a great affinity for nerves and resides there until something causes it to awaken. Some individuals only develop one herpes infection in their lifetime, but for some unlucky individuals, the virus keeps on coming back. When the virus comes back, it has essentially been reactivated from a dormant state in the nerves. This cycle of reactivation and dormancy does occur in many individuals and is not only bothersome but also creates havoc in interpersonal relationships and social life (Herpes infections carry a certain stigma and most people do not brag about it).
While the exact mechanism of reactivation is not understood, there are some known factors which can trigger the virus. These factors include emotional stress (depression, anxiety), physical problems (trauma), excessive exposure to the sun or extreme cold, bacterial infection of the mouth or lung, any major illness and a lot of bad luck.
Herpes simplex infections of the mouth are generally classified into two categories- primary or recurrent. This is only academic and does not alter the treatment.
The first (primary) infection from the herpes virus is usually acquired sometime in childhood. Many children do acquire the virus but only about 1/00 children develop full blown herpes. Once the herpes virus is acquired, it remains in the body for ever. The virus has a great affinity for nerves and resides there until something causes it to awaken. Some individuals only develop one herpes infection in their lifetime, but for some unlucky individuals, the virus keeps on coming back. When the virus comes back, it has essentially been reactivated from a dormant state in the nerves. This cycle of reactivation and dormancy does occur in many individuals and is not only bothersome but also creates havoc in interpersonal relationships and social life (Herpes infections carry a certain stigma and most people do not brag about it).
While the exact mechanism of reactivation is not understood, there are some known factors which can trigger the virus. These factors include emotional stress (depression, anxiety), physical problems (trauma), excessive exposure to the sun or extreme cold, bacterial infection of the mouth or lung, any major illness and a lot of bad luck.
More on Herpes Simplex- Symptoms
Signs and Symptoms
Herpes simplex presents in the same fashion each and every time. The only difference with recurrent infections is that duration may be short, but the pain is still present. Most people have a prodrome (a period when one can sense something is not right) period. Some individuals may sense tingling or numbness on the lips or corner of the mouth a few days prior to the full blown infection. The prodrome period usually lasts about 5-7 days.
Typically most patients have one common symptom- pain. The intensity of pain varies. For most people it is tolerable but in others it can be intense. The pain is burning in nature and usually no home made therapies make it better. Associated with pain may be complains of an itchy feeling around the lips. A few individuals may also complain of a bizarre electric shock like feeling just over the lips.
Vesicles or blisters usually follow the pain and last anywhere from 5-12 days. While most people develop one blister, it is not unusual to see several.Even though lesions are common on the outer lips, the occasional individual will develop painful blisters on gums, tongue and inside of the mouth.During the active infection, the blisters may rupture and ooze a colorless fluid.
After 10-14 days, the blisters dry up and form a scab which falls off. All individuals are very infectious during this time period. The duration of the infection tends to last 2-3 weeks.
Herpes simplex presents in the same fashion each and every time. The only difference with recurrent infections is that duration may be short, but the pain is still present. Most people have a prodrome (a period when one can sense something is not right) period. Some individuals may sense tingling or numbness on the lips or corner of the mouth a few days prior to the full blown infection. The prodrome period usually lasts about 5-7 days.
Typically most patients have one common symptom- pain. The intensity of pain varies. For most people it is tolerable but in others it can be intense. The pain is burning in nature and usually no home made therapies make it better. Associated with pain may be complains of an itchy feeling around the lips. A few individuals may also complain of a bizarre electric shock like feeling just over the lips.
Vesicles or blisters usually follow the pain and last anywhere from 5-12 days. While most people develop one blister, it is not unusual to see several.Even though lesions are common on the outer lips, the occasional individual will develop painful blisters on gums, tongue and inside of the mouth.During the active infection, the blisters may rupture and ooze a colorless fluid.
After 10-14 days, the blisters dry up and form a scab which falls off. All individuals are very infectious during this time period. The duration of the infection tends to last 2-3 weeks.
Monday, February 16, 2009
Treatment of herpes Zooster - Shingles Part 2
Pain: One may take over the counter pain medications or obtain prescription based pain killers. The intensity of pain is reduced but some degree of pain always remains.
Topical local anesthetics are only partially effective for pain relief and need frequent applications. A variety of gel anesthetic formulations are available and do help reduce the pain.
Steroids: These drugs can be applied locally to decrease the inflammation and stop the itch. In addition, the skin swelling and redness may also decrease with time.
Anti viral Drugs: Shingles is often treated with acyclovir. Other related drugs that may be used include famciclovir or valacyclovir (valtrex). These medications are effective when given within the first 48 hours after the onset of symptoms. If the diagnosis has been delayed for more than 72 hours, there is little point in buying these expensive medications.
Tricyclic antidepressants are excellent for the treatment of post herpetic neuralgia. Post herpetic neuralgia is basically the residual pain that occurs after shingles. These drugs take a few days to work but are very effective.
Some physicians even prescribe anti convulsants for the treatment of post-herpetic neuralgia. These drugs also effective in reducing the pain.
There is also a topical ointment formulation of capsaicin which helps reduce the pain. However it only works in mild cases.
Cyberspace is inundated with hundreds of nonsensical therapies for herpes zoster. Infact everything underneath the sun has been advocated as a treatment for this painful disorder. In reality, most of these dealers on cyberspace are scam artists simply preying on individuals who are most vulnerable. The last place one should resort for treatment of herpes zoster is the internet. Chances are you will end up being disappointed.
Topical local anesthetics are only partially effective for pain relief and need frequent applications. A variety of gel anesthetic formulations are available and do help reduce the pain.
Steroids: These drugs can be applied locally to decrease the inflammation and stop the itch. In addition, the skin swelling and redness may also decrease with time.
Anti viral Drugs: Shingles is often treated with acyclovir. Other related drugs that may be used include famciclovir or valacyclovir (valtrex). These medications are effective when given within the first 48 hours after the onset of symptoms. If the diagnosis has been delayed for more than 72 hours, there is little point in buying these expensive medications.
Tricyclic antidepressants are excellent for the treatment of post herpetic neuralgia. Post herpetic neuralgia is basically the residual pain that occurs after shingles. These drugs take a few days to work but are very effective.
Some physicians even prescribe anti convulsants for the treatment of post-herpetic neuralgia. These drugs also effective in reducing the pain.
There is also a topical ointment formulation of capsaicin which helps reduce the pain. However it only works in mild cases.
Cyberspace is inundated with hundreds of nonsensical therapies for herpes zoster. Infact everything underneath the sun has been advocated as a treatment for this painful disorder. In reality, most of these dealers on cyberspace are scam artists simply preying on individuals who are most vulnerable. The last place one should resort for treatment of herpes zoster is the internet. Chances are you will end up being disappointed.
Treatment of herpes Zooster - Shingles Part 1
There is no cure for herpes zooster. Once the virus is acquired, it always remains in the body. There are no treatments which can rid the body of the virus. Most medications available today can help shorten the infective period and reduce the possibility of complications.
Without treatment, shingles usually lasts a few weeks and resolves on its own. However, the pain and burning is so intense that most individuals desire some type of treatment.
For the best and most effective treatment of shingles, go and see a health care professional. The treatment of shingles is best done with some anti viral therapy and pain control.
Without treatment, shingles usually lasts a few weeks and resolves on its own. However, the pain and burning is so intense that most individuals desire some type of treatment.
For the best and most effective treatment of shingles, go and see a health care professional. The treatment of shingles is best done with some anti viral therapy and pain control.
Herpes Genitalis- takes the fun out of sex Part 2
Classification
Herpes infections are typically classified as primary or recurrent. The primary infection is usually acquired during childhood. In some individuals, there may be only episode of infection (primary); for the unlucky individual, the virus keeps on reactivating itself and causes repeat infections (secondary). After the first infection, the virus never disappears from the body.
One of the oddities about herpes infections is that the organism has a great affinity for nervous tissue- and this is where it resides (latent or goes to sleep). The secondary infections occur when the virus is reactivated from its dormant state and causes the infection. Why and what makes the virus active again is a mystery but some factors are known to trigger its reactivation. These include stress both physical and emotional, excessive exposure to sun, major illness, colds, fevers and a lot of bad luck.
The most common complication of primary herpes genitalis is an associated bacterial infection. Women may also complain of difficulty passing urine and about ¼ women may develop aseptic meningitis (infection of the brain lining).
Herpes genitalis is very similar to the oral herpes type 1; it also causes pain, numbness, and extreme discomfort. Having herpes genitalis is also not good for the mind- it greatly affects the psyche. Most individuals do not brag they have herpes genitalis for obvious reasons.
Herpes infections are typically classified as primary or recurrent. The primary infection is usually acquired during childhood. In some individuals, there may be only episode of infection (primary); for the unlucky individual, the virus keeps on reactivating itself and causes repeat infections (secondary). After the first infection, the virus never disappears from the body.
One of the oddities about herpes infections is that the organism has a great affinity for nervous tissue- and this is where it resides (latent or goes to sleep). The secondary infections occur when the virus is reactivated from its dormant state and causes the infection. Why and what makes the virus active again is a mystery but some factors are known to trigger its reactivation. These include stress both physical and emotional, excessive exposure to sun, major illness, colds, fevers and a lot of bad luck.
The most common complication of primary herpes genitalis is an associated bacterial infection. Women may also complain of difficulty passing urine and about ¼ women may develop aseptic meningitis (infection of the brain lining).
Herpes genitalis is very similar to the oral herpes type 1; it also causes pain, numbness, and extreme discomfort. Having herpes genitalis is also not good for the mind- it greatly affects the psyche. Most individuals do not brag they have herpes genitalis for obvious reasons.
Herpes Genitalis- takes the fun out of sex Part 1
If there is one sexually transmitted disease that is not fun to have, it is genital herpes. Over the last 2 decades, millions have been infected with this virus and it has created hysteria, and havoc in social and interpersonal relationships. There are more myths surrounding this infection than any other disorder. Make no mistake about it- this virus is acquired during sex and is considered a sexually transmitted disease.
Herpes simplex type 2 is the cause of genital infection. The infection is common world wide and affects both males and females equally.
In the US, estimates indicate that 1/5 (20%) of adults have serological (blood evidence) of HSV 2. Even though seropositive, only about a quarter of these will actually develop symptoms. The incidence of herpes genitalis is rapidly increasing all over the world. Predictors that may indicate acquisition of herpes genitalis include female sex, black race, older aged individuals, lower education, many life time sexual partners and a prior diagnosis of any sexually transmitted disease.
Herpes simplex type 2 has a tendency to affect both the anal area and the genitals. Recent data indicate that this is not a rigid rule and the virus also infects the mouth area- in those who practice oral sex. Once acquired, this virus never goes away. It stays inside the body and brings about an infection again and again- herpes forever.
Herpes simplex type 2 is the cause of genital infection. The infection is common world wide and affects both males and females equally.
In the US, estimates indicate that 1/5 (20%) of adults have serological (blood evidence) of HSV 2. Even though seropositive, only about a quarter of these will actually develop symptoms. The incidence of herpes genitalis is rapidly increasing all over the world. Predictors that may indicate acquisition of herpes genitalis include female sex, black race, older aged individuals, lower education, many life time sexual partners and a prior diagnosis of any sexually transmitted disease.
Herpes simplex type 2 has a tendency to affect both the anal area and the genitals. Recent data indicate that this is not a rigid rule and the virus also infects the mouth area- in those who practice oral sex. Once acquired, this virus never goes away. It stays inside the body and brings about an infection again and again- herpes forever.
Friday, February 13, 2009
Treatment of Herpes Genitalis Part 2
The anti viral medications available today all require a prescription. The current antiviral drugs available to treat type 2 herpes simplex include:
- Acyclovir (Zovirax)
- Famcyclovir (Famvir)
- Valacyclovir (Valtrex)
Acyclovir is probably the best and most effective. It comes as a topical cream and a pill. The topical cream is expensive and useless. It is a complete waste of one’s money. It only reduces the infective period by a day or two at most. The oral pill is effective and decrease the duration of infection and recurrences. However, it has to be taken 5 times a day, for 10 days and costs a fortune.
Oral anti-viral medications such as famciclovir or valacyclovir have been developed to effectively treat herpes infections. These medications can be used to treat the acute infection or may be used to prevent recurrences. Unlike acyclovir, these medications are generally used in the sick patients who have other illnesses. The drugs are also fairly expensive.
- Acyclovir (Zovirax)
- Famcyclovir (Famvir)
- Valacyclovir (Valtrex)
Acyclovir is probably the best and most effective. It comes as a topical cream and a pill. The topical cream is expensive and useless. It is a complete waste of one’s money. It only reduces the infective period by a day or two at most. The oral pill is effective and decrease the duration of infection and recurrences. However, it has to be taken 5 times a day, for 10 days and costs a fortune.
Oral anti-viral medications such as famciclovir or valacyclovir have been developed to effectively treat herpes infections. These medications can be used to treat the acute infection or may be used to prevent recurrences. Unlike acyclovir, these medications are generally used in the sick patients who have other illnesses. The drugs are also fairly expensive.
Treatment of Herpes Genitalis Part 1
Pain Medications
The pain can vary in intensity and most individuals require pain control. Over the counter pain medications are effective for most individuals but some may require much stronger prescription pain pills. One should never apply any cortisone to the infected area. Cortisone encourages virus growth and makes the condition worse. Application of topical local anesthetics may help but unfortunately, the pain relief is not long or strong enough.
Antiviral Therapy
The best and most effective treatment of genital herpes is antiviral medication. The anti viral drugs stop the virus from multiplying. The drugs can shorten the duration of a herpes outbreak and reduce the number of repeat infections. Unfortunately, the drugs only work if taken continuously. This may not be practical and cost effective. Not only that, these drugs are most effective when taken within 24 hours after the outbreak of the infection. If this time period is delayed, the course of the herpes virus infection is not altered significantly.
For those who have an acute infection, the antiviral medication can reduce the number of days the infection is present. This is very helpful to those who have been plagued with painful blisters. There is a topical antiviral drug available. For those who have recurrent infections, the anti viral drugs have to be taken everyday. This is expensive and not practical.
The pain can vary in intensity and most individuals require pain control. Over the counter pain medications are effective for most individuals but some may require much stronger prescription pain pills. One should never apply any cortisone to the infected area. Cortisone encourages virus growth and makes the condition worse. Application of topical local anesthetics may help but unfortunately, the pain relief is not long or strong enough.
Antiviral Therapy
The best and most effective treatment of genital herpes is antiviral medication. The anti viral drugs stop the virus from multiplying. The drugs can shorten the duration of a herpes outbreak and reduce the number of repeat infections. Unfortunately, the drugs only work if taken continuously. This may not be practical and cost effective. Not only that, these drugs are most effective when taken within 24 hours after the outbreak of the infection. If this time period is delayed, the course of the herpes virus infection is not altered significantly.
For those who have an acute infection, the antiviral medication can reduce the number of days the infection is present. This is very helpful to those who have been plagued with painful blisters. There is a topical antiviral drug available. For those who have recurrent infections, the anti viral drugs have to be taken everyday. This is expensive and not practical.
Alternative therapy for Herpes Genitalis Part 3
Coping with herpes
Many individuals need help to cope with herpes. The type of therapies available include herpes anonymous, self help groups, meditation, yoga, acupuncture, behavior and psychological therapy. The most important is that the individual understand his disease and its course.
One can learn how to avoid triggering the infection. Antiviral therapy is available to reduce the outbreak frequency, but the medications are expensive. A positive attitude and knowing that the disease is not lethal will help cope with the disorder.
Prognosis
Most individuals recover from the infection in 7-14 days. The few lucky individuals just get one infection for remembrance. The unlucky ones get recurrences at variable rates. As far as a cure is concerned, it is still several years away and it definitely won’t come cheap. The drug industry is not in the business of losing money. If the price of acyclovir is anything to go buy, the vaccine will definitely not be cheap.
There is no doubt that conventional medical therapy has not been very effective in treating herpes simplex. However, it does offer drug therapy (Acyclovir) which is still the most effective compared to whatever else is available. Alternative care may work in some but in most individuals it does not. Herpes unfortunately is forever and so buyer beware of anyone making claims that they can cure it. The best way to cure herpes genitalis is to avoid sex.
Many individuals need help to cope with herpes. The type of therapies available include herpes anonymous, self help groups, meditation, yoga, acupuncture, behavior and psychological therapy. The most important is that the individual understand his disease and its course.
One can learn how to avoid triggering the infection. Antiviral therapy is available to reduce the outbreak frequency, but the medications are expensive. A positive attitude and knowing that the disease is not lethal will help cope with the disorder.
Prognosis
Most individuals recover from the infection in 7-14 days. The few lucky individuals just get one infection for remembrance. The unlucky ones get recurrences at variable rates. As far as a cure is concerned, it is still several years away and it definitely won’t come cheap. The drug industry is not in the business of losing money. If the price of acyclovir is anything to go buy, the vaccine will definitely not be cheap.
There is no doubt that conventional medical therapy has not been very effective in treating herpes simplex. However, it does offer drug therapy (Acyclovir) which is still the most effective compared to whatever else is available. Alternative care may work in some but in most individuals it does not. Herpes unfortunately is forever and so buyer beware of anyone making claims that they can cure it. The best way to cure herpes genitalis is to avoid sex.
Alternative therapy for Herpes Genitalis Part 2
Other therapies that have been used to treat herpes include acupuncture, psychological therapy, behavioral counseling and massage therapy,
Prevention
People with genital herpes outbreaks are highly contagious. Anyone with active disease should avoid any sexual contact when sores are present. The condom is not full proof during active herpes because there may be some sores not covered by the condom or the condom may fall off (either the condom is too big or the penis is too small).
Although the chance of spreading disease is greatest when sores are present, people who have had genital herpes should always be assumed to be contagious, even if they are on antiviral medication. The virus is easily transferred to the sexual partner even when the skin appears completely normal.
The use of a condom should not be underestimated. It is the key to prevention of not only herpes but many other sexually transmitted diseases. During the acute infection, fingering different parts of one’s or the partner’s body is an absolute no-no.
Prevention
People with genital herpes outbreaks are highly contagious. Anyone with active disease should avoid any sexual contact when sores are present. The condom is not full proof during active herpes because there may be some sores not covered by the condom or the condom may fall off (either the condom is too big or the penis is too small).
Although the chance of spreading disease is greatest when sores are present, people who have had genital herpes should always be assumed to be contagious, even if they are on antiviral medication. The virus is easily transferred to the sexual partner even when the skin appears completely normal.
The use of a condom should not be underestimated. It is the key to prevention of not only herpes but many other sexually transmitted diseases. During the acute infection, fingering different parts of one’s or the partner’s body is an absolute no-no.
Alternative therapy for Herpes Genitalis Part 1
Like most things in medicine, patients rapidly become dis-satisfied with conventional treatment when it come to management of herpes- everyone wants instant relief and Nirvana- and when this fails they seek alternative care.
The alternative health care business is flourishing even without the back up of any scientific data. The reason is patient gullibility because of the false claims made by this industry.
Every type of nutritive and herbal agent has been postulated to help cure herpes. From mega doses of all vitamins, minerals to gouging on the liver, spleen, drinking donkey’s urine (or yours), thymus of cows, chickens and pigs.
Hundreds of herbs are sold as a remedy for herpes-teas, powders, lotions, potions, capsules of every kind are sold- some are recommended to be taken in orally, some to be pasted on the lips and others to placed in the rectum (it sure is a medical miracle if a rectally placed herb can cure an infection in the groin) - yet millions of people buy and use these products.
And the common theme with all these therapies- they do not work.
The alternative health care business is flourishing even without the back up of any scientific data. The reason is patient gullibility because of the false claims made by this industry.
Every type of nutritive and herbal agent has been postulated to help cure herpes. From mega doses of all vitamins, minerals to gouging on the liver, spleen, drinking donkey’s urine (or yours), thymus of cows, chickens and pigs.
Hundreds of herbs are sold as a remedy for herpes-teas, powders, lotions, potions, capsules of every kind are sold- some are recommended to be taken in orally, some to be pasted on the lips and others to placed in the rectum (it sure is a medical miracle if a rectally placed herb can cure an infection in the groin) - yet millions of people buy and use these products.
And the common theme with all these therapies- they do not work.
Wednesday, February 11, 2009
Signs & Symptoms of Herpes Genitalis
The signs and symptoms of recurrent episodes are generally less severe. Most individuals have a prodrome (an impending sense) when the recurrence will occur. These prodrome symptoms may include the onset of tingling, pain, itching or an unusual feeling around the genitalia area (the unusual feeling is never good).
Diagnosis
In most cases, the diagnosis of herpes genitalis is obvious. To confirm the diagnosis, swabs from the genitalia will be obtained. The virus is generally discovered only during the presence of the blisters. In most cases, the virus is never found. The use of blood to detect antibodies towards the herpes virus is not sensitive and rarely done.
Diagnosis
In most cases, the diagnosis of herpes genitalis is obvious. To confirm the diagnosis, swabs from the genitalia will be obtained. The virus is generally discovered only during the presence of the blisters. In most cases, the virus is never found. The use of blood to detect antibodies towards the herpes virus is not sensitive and rarely done.
Primary Herpes Genitalis
Primary herpes genitalis
In all cases, the first episode is the most painful and hard to forget. The initial episode is always the longest in duration and is also associated with extra genital symptoms (fever, malaise, general wear down of the body, depression). The initial infection is generally 10-14 days in duration after exposure to the virus.
For most individuals the agony does not simply end there. The other symptoms of fatigue, tiredness and anxiety can take a few more weeks to subside. A few individuals may develop a long lasting syndrome of pain known as post herpetic neuralgia (which is difficult to treat).
However, even when the blister has disappeared and all the symptoms resolved, the virus unfortunately goes into hiding. The virus has a great tendency to reside in nerve tissues, where it remains silent.
Recurrence
After the onset of an infection, the virus has a great affinity for nerves tissue and hides there (becomes latent). For some individuals there may be just one infection from the virus- just for remembrance- for the unlucky ones, the infection may be recurrent. Secondary herpes is due to a local reactivation of the virus. Why some individual get just one infection and why others get recurrence is a medical mystery.
A number of individual keep on getting recurrent herpes sores. As to why some individuals get it and some do not, is a medical mystery. But we do know that some conditions can increase the chance of recurrence. The recurrence may be in the same location around the genitalis or in a different site.
The recurrence rate is variable. There may be one recurrence a month, or several times a month or once a year.
In all cases, the first episode is the most painful and hard to forget. The initial episode is always the longest in duration and is also associated with extra genital symptoms (fever, malaise, general wear down of the body, depression). The initial infection is generally 10-14 days in duration after exposure to the virus.
For most individuals the agony does not simply end there. The other symptoms of fatigue, tiredness and anxiety can take a few more weeks to subside. A few individuals may develop a long lasting syndrome of pain known as post herpetic neuralgia (which is difficult to treat).
However, even when the blister has disappeared and all the symptoms resolved, the virus unfortunately goes into hiding. The virus has a great tendency to reside in nerve tissues, where it remains silent.
Recurrence
After the onset of an infection, the virus has a great affinity for nerves tissue and hides there (becomes latent). For some individuals there may be just one infection from the virus- just for remembrance- for the unlucky ones, the infection may be recurrent. Secondary herpes is due to a local reactivation of the virus. Why some individual get just one infection and why others get recurrence is a medical mystery.
A number of individual keep on getting recurrent herpes sores. As to why some individuals get it and some do not, is a medical mystery. But we do know that some conditions can increase the chance of recurrence. The recurrence may be in the same location around the genitalis or in a different site.
The recurrence rate is variable. There may be one recurrence a month, or several times a month or once a year.
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